It is the second paragraph on page 4. It is the next document, 004-PS. It should be the one after 957-PS. It is only a matter of chance whether one finds it or not.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: This is a report from Rosenberg to Hitler.
"Apart from financial support which was forthcoming from the Reich in currency, Quisling had also been promised a shipment of material for immediate use in Norway, such as coal and sugar. Additional help was promised. This shipments were to be conducted under cover of a new trade company, to be established in Germany or through especially selected existing firms while Hagelin was to act as consignee in Norway. Hagelin had already conferred with the respective Ministers of the Nygardsvold Government, as for instance, the Minister of Supply and Commerce and had been assured permission for the import of coal. At the same time, the coal transports were to serve possibly to supply the technical means necessary to launch Quisling's political action in Oslo with German help. It was Quisling's plan to send a number of selected, particularly reliable men to Germany for a brief military training course in a completely isolated camp. They were then to be detailed as area and language specialists to German Special Troops, who were to be taken to Oslo on the coal barges to accomplish a political action. Thus Quisling planned to get hold of his leading opponents in Norway, including the King, and to prevent all military resistance from the very beginning. Immediately following this political action and upon official request of Quisling to the Government of the German Reich, the military occupation of Norway was to take place. All military preparations were to be completed previously. Though this plan contained the great advantage of surprise, it also contained a great number of dangers which could possibly cause its failure. For this reason it received a quite dilatory treatment, while at the same tine, it was not disapproved as far as the Norwegians were concerned.
"In February, after a conference with General Field Marshal Goering, Reichsleiter Rosenberg informed the Secretary in the Office of the Four Year Plan, only of the intention to prepare coal shipments to Norway to the named confidant Hagelin. Further details were discussed in a conference between Secretary Wohlthat, Staff Director Schickedanz and Hagelin. Since Wohlthat received no further instructions from the General Field Marshal, Foreign Ministe von Ribbentrop -- after a consultation with Reichsleiter Rosenberg -- consented to expedite these shipments through his office. Based on a report of Reichsleiter Rosenberg to the Fuehrer it was also arranged to pay Quisling ten thousand English pounds Per month for three months, commencing on the 15 of thousand English pounds per month for three months, commencing on the 15 of March, to support his work". in your Lordship's copy, number D 629, is a letter from Defendant Keitel to Defendant Ribbentrop, dated the 3 of April, 1940.
I need only trouble the Tribunal with the first paragraph. The Defendant Keitel says:
"Dear Herr von Ribbentrop:
"The military occupation of Denmark and Norway has been, by comment of the Fuehrer, long in preparation by the High Command of the Wehrmacht. The High Command of the Wehrmacht has therefore had ample time to occupy itself with all the questions connected with the carrying out of this operation. The time at your disposal for the political preparation of this operation, is on the contrary, very much shorter. I believe myself therefore to be acting in accordance with your own ideas in transmitting to you herewith not only these wishes of the Wehrmacht which would have to be fulfilled by the Governments in Oslo, Copenhagen and Stockholm for purely military reasons, but also if I include a series of requests which certainly concern the Wehrmacht only indirectly but which are, however, of the greatest importance for the fulfillment of its task". with certain commanders. The important point for which I read it to the Tribunal, as far as I know for the first time, is that there we have the Defendant Keitel saying quite clearly that the military occupation of Denmark and Norway has been long in preparation. And it is interesting when one looks back to the official life of Ribbentrop, which is contained in the Archives, and is Document D 472. I am only quoting a sentence because of the interesting contract.
"With the occupation of Denmark and Norway on the 9 of April, 1940, only a few hours before the landing of British troops in these territories, the battle began against the Western Powers.."
was ignorant, this Defendant Ribbentrop, had been up to his neck in the Quisling plottings and it is made clear to him well a week before the invasion started, that the Wehrmacht and the Defendant Keitel had been long in preparation for this particular act of aggression. against Norway because again, the story was put forward fully by my friend, Mr. Elwyn Jones.
THE PRESIDENT: We will adjourn now.
(Whereupon at 1700 o'clock the Tribunal adjourned until 1000 o'clock the following day) Military Tribunal, in the matter of:
The
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: If the Tribunal please, when the Tribunal adjourned I had just dealt with the last of the two Norway documents, which I now put in as Exhibits, GB 140 and GB 141. Their numbers were 004-PS and D-629. in a few minutes will be Document Number 1871-PS.
THE PRESIDENT: I have got that here.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: My Lord, before I come to that, I just want to say one word about the aggression against the Low Countries, Belgium, The Netherlands, and Luxembourg. when this defendant was Foreign Minister, was stated in full by my friend Mr. Roberts. If I give the Tribunal the reference to the transcript at Pages 1100 to 1125, I don't need to detain the Tribunal on that part of the case. Minister to which attention may be called is the making of a statement on the 10th of May 1940 to representatives of the foreign press with regard to the reasons for the German invasion of the Low Countries, and these reasons were, in my respectful submission, demonstrated to be false by the evidence called by Mr. Roberts, which appears in that part of the transcript. Greece and Yugoslavia, and the first moment of time in that regard is the meeting at Salzberg in August 1939 at which the defendant von Ribbentrop participated when Hitler announced that the Axis had decided to liquidate certain neutrals. That document is 1871-PS, which I now put in as Exhibit GB 142, and the passage to which I should like to refer the Tribunal is on Page 2 of the English version, two-thirds down the page in the middle of the fifth paragraph, six lines from the top.
Your Lordship will find the words "Generally speaking."
THE PRESIDENT: Yes.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: I desire to quote from there:
"Generally speaking, it would be best to liquidate the pseudo-neutrals one after the other. This is fairly easily done, if one Axis partner protects the rear of the other; who is just finishing off one of the uncertain neutrals, and vice versa. Italy may consider Yugoslavia such an uncertain neutral. At the visit of Prince Regent Paul he (the Fuehrer) suggested, particularly in consideration of Italy, that Prince Paul clarify his political attitude towards the Axis by a gesture. He had thought of a closer connection with the Axis and Yugoslavia's leaving the League of Nations. Prince Paul agreed to the latter. Recently the prince regent was in London and sought reinsurance from the Western Powers. The same thing was repeated that happened in the case of Gafencu, who was also very reasonable during his visit to Germany and who denied any interest in the aims of the western democracies. Afterwards it was learned that he had later assumed a contrary standpoint in England. Among the Balkan countries the Axis can completely rely only on Bulgaria, which is in a sense a natural ally of Italy and Germany."
Then missing a sentence:
"At the moment when there would be a turn to the worse for Germany and Italy, however, Yugoslavia would join the other side openly, hoping thereby to give matters a final turn to the disadvantage of the Axis." uation with Mussolini. This defendant emphasized the heavy revenge bombing raids in England and the fact that London would soon be in ruins. It was agreed between the parties that only Italian interests were involved in Greece and Yugoslavia, and the Italy could count on German support. plan for the attack on Gibraltar and Germany's participation therein, and that he was expecting to sign the Protocol with Spain, bringing the latter country into the war on his return to Berlin.
one which the Tribunal had just been looking, and the passage with regard to Greece and Yugoslavia occurs in the middle of the first page, if I might just read a very short extract:
"With regard to Greece and Yugoslavia, the Foreign Minister stressed that it was exclusively a question of Italian interests, the settling of which was a matter for Italy alone, and in which Italy could be certain of Germany's sympathetic assistance," I don't think I need trouble the Tribunal with the rest.
MR. BIDDLE: I think you had better read the next paragraph.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: "But it seemed to us to be better not to touch on these problems for the time being, but to concentrate on the destruction of England with all our forces instead. Where Germany was concerned, she was interested in the northern German districts (Norway etc.), and this was acknowledged by the Duce." Mussolini in which this defendant participated the Greek operation was discussed. Hitler had stated that the German troops in Rumania were for use in the planned campaign against Greece."
the Tribunal the reference to the points which are mentioned at the foot of Page 3 of the English text.
With regard to that meeting there is a cross-reference in Count Ciano's diary, Count Ciano having attended as Italian Foreign Minister, and He recalls his impression of that meeting in the diary for the 20/21 of January by saying:
"The Duce was pleased with the conversation on the whole. I am less pleased. Above all, because Ribbentrop who had always been so boastful in the past told me when I asked him outright, how long the war would last, the he saw so possibility of its ending before 1942." later, three weeks later, when it was a question of encouraging the Japanese, this defendant took a more optimistic line. Ambassador, and that conversation appears in Document 1834-PS, which is United Sates Exhibit 129. That was read previously, and again I simply give the reference on Page 3 of the English version. position and the position of Bulgaria and Turkey. I don't think I need read it further, because it gives the Tribunal the reference.
THE PRESIDENT: Which page was it on?
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: On Page 3 of the document. Oh, I'm sorry, my Lord. It is marked Page 3 at the top. It is actually page 3 if you count the distribution page. It is marked Page 3 at the top, and it is a paragraph that begins "Militarily the Reich Foreign Minister--
THE PRESIDENT: I have it.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: Then after that in March this defendant put forth is efforts to get Yugoslavia to join the Axis, and on the 25th of March the defendant, in a note to the Prime Minister Cvetkovitch, said ---and this is Document 2450-PS, which is Exhibit GB-123--he gave the assurance:
"The Axis power governments, during this war will not direct a demand to Yugoslavia to permit the march or transportation of troops through the Yugoslav state or territory."
"After that, it is only fair to point out that there was the coup d'etat in Yugoslavia. General Simowitsch took over the Government, and two days after the assurance which I just read at the meeting of the 27th of March, 1941, at which this defendant was present, Hitler outlined the military campaign against Yugoslavia and promised the destruction of Yugoslavia and the demolition of Belgrade by the German Air Force. That is contained in Document 1746-PS, which is Exhibit GB-120, and that was read by my friend, Colonel Fillimore, at an earlier stage so I don't need to read it again. after the invasion of Yugoslavia, von Ribbentrop was one of the persons directed by Hitler with the drawing of the boundaries for the partition and division of Yugoslavia, The preliminary directive for that was Document 1195-PS, which I now put in as Exhibit GB 144.
THE PRESIDENT: Has that been read, 1195-PS?
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: That was the last one.
THE PRESIDENT: Has it been read?
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: Yes. I put in 1195, That is the directive for the partition of Yugoslavia.
THE PRESIDENT: Yes, but you aren't reading it. Had it already been read or not?
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: No, it has not. I am much obliged, your Lordship. I will now read the relevant sentence with regard to this.
THE PRESIDENT: Yes.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: On Page 2, Section 2, your Lordship will see the words "the drawing up of boundaries."
THE PRESIDENT: Yes.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: And in paragraph 1 it says:
"If the drawing up of boundaries has not been laid down in the above Part I, it will be carried out by the Supreme Command of the Armed Forces in agreement with the Foreign Office"--that is the defendant--" the plenipotentiary for the Four Year Plan"--the defendant Mooring--"and the Reich-Minister of the Interior."
THE PRESIDENT: Who is Reich Minister of the Interior?
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: I think the defendant Frick.
THE PRESIDENT: Yes, I think it was.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: My Lord, I am grateful to your Lordship. I had forgotten that hadn't been read before. and the first document which hasn't been put in so far, which I now put in as Exhibit GB 145, is TC-25, the German-Soviet non-aggression Pact. aggression Pact. Now, the first point at which this defendant seems to have considered special problems of aggression against the Soviet Union was just after the 20 April 1941 when Rosenberg, the Defendant Rosenberg, and this defendant met or communicated to consider the problems which were expected to arise in Eastern occupied territory. This defendant appointed his Counsellor, Grosskopf, to be his liaison man with Rosenberg and also assigned a Consul General, called Brautigam, who had many years experience in the USSR as a collaborator with Rosenberg. That is shown in Document 1039-PS, which is already United States Exhibit 146.
I didn't propose to read it again as it had been read. That passage to which I have referred is the first paragraph on the top of Page 2, beginning "After notification to the Reich Foreign Minister". It is that paragraph which I have just mentioned.
That was in April 1941. The following month, on the 18 May 1941, the German Foreign Office prepared a declaration setting forth operational zones in the Arctic Ocean, the Baltic and Black Seas, to be used by the German Navy and the Air Force in the coming invasion of the Soviet Union.
That is the next document, C-77, which I now put in as Exhibit GB 146, and it is very short. Therefore, I think I should quote it; it hasn't been read before:
"The Foreign Office has prepared for use in Barbarossa the attached draft of a declaration of operational zones. The Foreign Office has, however, reserved its decision as to the date when the declaration will be issued as well as discussion of particulars." was again well in the preparation for this act of aggression. Then on the 22nd of June 1941 this defendant announced to the world that the German armies were invading the USSR, as was seen by the Tribunal in the film shown on the 11th of December. own Ambassador in Moscow who said that everything was being done to avoid a conflict. The Tribunal will find the reference to that in my learned friend the Attorney General's speech, the transcript at Page 888. against the United States of America. There the initial document is 2508-PS, which I now put in as Exhibit GB 147. That shows that on the 25th of November, 1936, as a result of negotiations of this Defendant as Ambassador-at-Large, Germany and Japan had signed the Anti-Comintern Pact. I don't think that has been read, but if I may, I will just read the introduction, the recital that gives the purpose of the agreement:
"The Government of the German Reich and the Imperial Japanese Government, recognizing that the aim of the Communist Internationale known as the Comintern is to disintegrate and subdue existing States by all the means at its command; convinced that the toleration of interference by the Communist Internationale in the internal affairs of the nations not only endangers their internal peace and social well-being, but is also a menace to the peace of the world; desirous of cooperating in the defense against Communist subversive activities; having agreed as follows."
which they will act together for five years. It is signed by this Defendant. signed the tripartite pact with Japan and Italy, thereby bringing about a full-scale military and economic alliance for the creation of a new order in Europe and East Asia. That is 2643-PS, United States Exhibit 149, and it has been read. later -- this Defendant was urging the Japanese to attack British possessions in the Far East. And that is shown in Document 1834-PS, which is US Exhibit 129, and which has already been read by my friend Mr. Alderman. That was in February. representing Japan, at which this Defendant was present, Hitler promised that Germany would declare war on the United States in the event of war occurring between Japan and the United States as a result of Japanese aggression in the Pacific. That is shown in Document 1881-PS, United States Exhibit 33, which has already been read and which I did not intend to read again. which is United States Exhibit 153. If I might trouble the Tribunal with just two short paragraphs of that, it is interesting, showing the psychological development of this Defendant and his views at that time. It is the first two paragraphs in the document that are quoted, under the heading "pages 2 and 3"; it is on the first page of the document:
"Matsuoka then spoke of the general high morale in Germany, referring to the happy faces he had seen everywhere among the workers during his recent visit to the Borsig Works. He expressed his regret that developments in Japan had not as yet advanced as far as in Germany and that in his country the intellectuals still exercised considerable influence.
"The Reich Foreign Minister replied that at best a nation which had realized its every ambition could afford the luxury of intellectuals, some of whom are parasites, anyway."
THE PRESIDENT: It is "most", according to my document.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: I beg Your Lordship's pardon, it is completely my fault, it should be "most"-"most of whom are parasites, anyway". A nation, however, which has to fight for a place in the sun must give them up. The intellectuals ruined France; in Germany they had already started their pernicious activities when National Socialism put a stop to these doings; they will surely be the cause of the downfall of Britain, which is to be expected with certainty."
Then it continues along the usual lines. That was on the 5th of April.
Then, the next stage; Within a month after the German armies invaded the Soviet Union, the 22nd of June, 1941, Ribbentrop was urging his ambassador in Tokyo to do his utmost to cause the Japanese Government to attack the Soviet in Siberia, and that is proved by two documents which have already been put in, 2896-PS, which is United States Exhibit 155, a telegram to the German Ambassador in Tokyo, one Ott; and 2897-PS, No. 156, which is the reply from Ambassador Ott.
Both of these were read by my friend Mr. Alderman, and I won't trouble the Tribunal again. as GB 148 . That was captured from the Japanese, and it is a message, intercepted, which was sent by the Japanese Ambassador in Berlin just before the attack on the United States. If I might just read one short extract from this Defendant's speech -- on the 29th of November, 1941, that is, roughly, a week before Pearl Habor, this Defendant was saying this. It is in paragraph 1, and I will read it all because it is new:
"Ribbentrop opened our meeting by again inquiring whether I had received any reports regarding the Japanese-United States negotiations. I replied that I had received no official word.
"Ribbentrop: 'It is essential that Japan effect the New Order in East Asia without losing this opportunity. There never has been and probably never will be a time when closer cooperation under the Tripartite Pact is so important. If Japan hesitates at this time, and Germany goes ahead and establishes her European New Order, all the military might of Britain and the United States will be concentrated against Japan.
"'As Fuehrer Hitler said today, there are fundamental differences in the very right to exist between Germany and Japan, and the United States. We have received advice to the effect that there is practically no hope of the Japanese-United States negotiations being concluded successfully because of the fact that the United States is putting up a stiff front, "'If this is indeed the fact of the case, and if Japan reaches a decision to fight Britain and the United States, I am confident that that will not only be to the interest of Germany and Japan jointly, but would bring about favorable results for Japan and herself.
'" Then the Ambassador replied:
"I can make no definite statement as I am not aware of any concrete intentions of Japan. Is Your Excellency indicating that a state of actual war is to be established between Germany and the United States?"
The Defendant Ribbentrop: "Roosevelt's a fanatic, so it is impossible to tell what he would do."
Then: "Concerning this point, in view of the fact that Ribbentrop has said in the past that the United States would undoubtedly try to avoid meeting German troops, and from the tone of Hitler's recent speech, as well as that of Ribbentrop's, I feel that German attitude toward the United States is being considerably stiffened. There are indications at present that Germany would not refuse to fight the United States if necessary." of the war against the Soviet Union. I don't think, in view of the date in which we are reading it, that I need trouble the Tribunal with that. against England, which I shall not read at this time. national attitude of mind of this Defendant -- at the foot of page 2, part 3, and I am quoting:
"In any event, Germany has absolutely no intention of entering into any peace with England. We are determined to remove all British influence from Europe. Therefore, at the end of this war, England will have no influence whatsoever in international affairs. The Island Empire of Britain may remain, but all of her other possessions throughout the world will probably be divided three ways by Germany, the United States, and Japan. In Africa, Germany will be satisfied with, roughly, those parts which were formerly German colonies. Italy will be given the greater share of the African Colonies. Germany desires, above all else, to control European Russia."
And, after hearing this Defendant, the Ambassador said, and I quote:
"I am fully aware of the fact that Germany's war campaign is progressing according to schedule smoothly. However, suppose that Germany is faced with the situation of having not only great Britain as an actual enemy, but also having all of those areas in which Britain has influence and those countries which have been aiding Britain as actual enemies as well.
Under such circumstances, the war area will undergo considerable expansion, of course. What is your opinion of the outcome of the war under such an eventuality?"
The Defendant Ribbentrop: "We would like to end this war during next year." That is, 1942. "However, under certain circumstances, it is possible that it will have to be continued on to the following year.
"Should Japan become engaged in a war against the United States"-
THE PRESIDENT (Interposing): You are going a little bit too fast.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: Too fast?
THE PRESIDENT: Apparently.
SIR DAVID MAXWELL-FYFE: If your Lordship pleases, I an sorry. I will go back to the paragraph I have just finished.
"We would like to end this war during next year. However, under certain circumstances it is possible that it will have to be continued on into the following year.
"Should Japan become engaged in a war against the United States, Germany, of course, would join the war immediately. There is absolutely no possibility of Germany's entering into a separate peace with the United States under such circumstances. The Fuehrer is determined on that point." Japan against the United States in the closest possible way. message, is the next one, D-657, which I put in as Exhibit GB-149. If I might read the first two sentences, they show what it is--and I quote.
The Japanese Ambassador says, "At 1 p.m. today--the 8th of December--I called on Foreign Minister Ribbentrop and told him our wish was to have Germany and Italy issue formal declarations of war on America at once. Ribbentrop replied that Hitler was then in the midst of a conference at general headquarters discussing how the formalities of declaring war could be carried out so as to make a good impression on the German people, and that he would transmit your wish to him at once and do whatever he was able to have it carried out promptly. At that time Ribbentrop told me that on the morning of the 8th"--that is, before the declaration of war--"Hitler issued orders to the entire German Navy to attack American ships whenever and wherever they might meet them.
"It goes without saying that this is only for your secret information."
11th of December, 1941, the Defendant Ribbentrop, in the name of the German Government, announced a state of war between Germany and the United States. Soviet Union.
In Ribbentrop's conversations with Oshima, the Japanese Ambassador, in July 1942 and in March and April 1943, he continued to urge Japanese participation and aggression against the Soviet Union. This is shown in document 2911-PS, which has been put in as United States Exhibit 157 and already read, and document 2954-PS, which I now put in as GB-150. That is a new document, and if I may I will just indicate the effect of it by a very short quotation. This is a discussion between the Defendant Ribbentrop and Ambassador Oshima. It begins:
"Ambassador Oshima declared that he has received a telegram from Tokyo, and he is to report, by order of his Government, to the Reich Minister for Foreign Affairs the following:
"The suggestion of the German Government to attack Russia was the object of a common conference between the Japanese Government and the Imperial headquarters, during which the question was discussed in detail and investigated exactly. The result is the following: The Japanese Government absolutely recognizes the danger which threatens from Russia and completely understands the desire of its German ally that Japan on her part will also enter the war against Russia. However, it is not possible for the Japanese Government, considering the present war situation, to enter into the war. It is rather of the conviction that it would be in the common interest not to start the war against Russia now. On the other hand, the Japanese Government would never disregard the Russian question." returned to the attack. The third sentence--it begins on the fourth line--says:
"However, it would be more correct that all powers, allied in the Three Power Pact, would combine their forces to defeat England and America, but also Russia together. It is not good when one part must fight alone." the next document, 2929-PS, which was put in as United States Exhibit 159. And, in closing this part of the case if I may I will read that. It is very short.
"The Reichsminister for Foreign Affairs then stressed again that without any doubt this year presented the most favorable opportunity for Japan, if she felt strong enough and had sufficient anti-tank weapons at her disposal to attack Russia, which certainly would never again be as weak as she is at the moment"--the moment being 18 April 1943. second allegation dealing with aggressive war, and I submit that that allegation in the Indictment is more than amply proved. directed and participated in war crimes and crimes against humanity. planning these crimes only. The execution of the crimes will be dealt with by my friends, my Soviet colleagues, but it is relevant to show how this Defendant participated in the planning of such crimes.
I deal, first, with the killing of allied aviators; secondly, with the destruction of peoples in Europe; and thirdly, with the persecution of the Jew First, the killing of allied aviators:
Air Forces, the German Government proposed to undertake a plan to deter Anglo-American fliers from further raids on the Reich cities. In a report of a meeting at which a definite policy was to be established, there is stated what was the point of view that this Defendant Ribbentrop had been urging. That is in Document 735-PS, which I now put in as Exhibit GB-151. That is a discussion of a meeting at the Fuehrer's headquarters on the 6th of June, 1944. If I may, I will read the first paragraph:
"Obergruppenfuehrer Kaltenbrunner informed the Deputy Chief of West in Klessheim, on the afternoon of the 6th of June, that a conference on this question had been held shortly before between the Reich Marshal, the Defendant Goering; the Reich Foreign Minister, the Defendant Ribbentrop; and the Reichsfuehrer SS, Himmler. Contrary to the original suggestion made by the Reich Foreign Minister, who wished to include every type of terror attack on the German civilian population, that is, also bombing attacks on cities, it was agreed in the above conference that merely those attacks carried out with aircraft armament, aimed directly at the civilian population and their property should be taken as the standard for the evidence of a criminal action in this sense. Lynch law would have to be the rule. On the contrary, there has been no question of court martial sentence or handing over to the police." on a German city, the air men should be handed over to be lynched by the crowd. The others were saying that that should be restricted to cases where there were attacks by machine guns, and the like, on the civilian population.
I don't think we need trouble with paragraph (a) of the statement of the Deputy Chief of WEST. The importance of (a) goes because Kaltenbrunner says that there were no such cases as were mentioned.
If you look at (b): "Deputy Chief of the WEST mentioned that apart from Lynch law, a procedure must be worked out for segregating those enemy received into the reception camp for aviators at Oberursel; if the suspicion aviators who are suspected of criminal action of this kind until they are were confirmed, they would be handed over to the SD for special treatment."