USSR-14 The "Einsatzgruppe C" - was quartered in Kiev. This group carried out USSR-9 the mass "action" in Baby Yar near Kiev, an execution unmatched for it cruelty, when 100,000 Soviet citizens perished on a single day.
USSR-14 The "Einsatzgruppe D" operated in the southern regions of the USSR-1 USSR-42 temporarily occupied territories of the Soviet Union. This group was the first to experiment with the murder vans on the Soviet citizens in the district of Stavropol and in Krasnodar.
And when Kaltenbrunner's fate will be decided, all these human beings, asphyxiated in the "murder vans" near Stavropol, buried alive in the graves near Kiev and Riga, burnt alive in the Byelorussian villages, can not be forgotten.
All these innocent victims are on his dirty conscience.
The successor of a hangman, Kaltenbrunner was a hangman himself, and he had the charge of the most horrible aspect in the common criminal plan of the Hitlerite gang.
I shall now summarize the evidence pertaining to the guilt and the responsibility of the defendant Rosenberg.
In spite of Rosenberg's efforts to minimize his role and importance, in spite of his efforts to juggle with historical facts and events - he cannot deny that he was the ideologist of the Nazi party, that already a quarter of a century ago, he laid the "theoretical" foundations of the fascist Hitlerite State, and that during this whole period he corrupted morally millions of Germans, preparing them "ideologically" for the monstrous crimes committed by the Hitlerites crimes unprecedented in history, and which are the subject of this trial.
Trans. When, at the trial, Rosenberg was asked: "were you not one of Hitler's evn.sess. 17-4-46 closest collaborators"?, he did not even speak - he shouted in reply: PP 31-34 "that is not true, I never was". But however hard Rosenberg tried USA-600 PS-3559 to renounce his "Fuehrer", he has not succeeded in washing away the stigma of "one of the oldest and the most faithful of Hitler's comrades-in-arms". For twenty-five years, Rosenberg, acting first as Hitler's collaborator and afterwards under his direction, worked out and assisted in the realization of the fantastic plans for world supremacy, having chosen for the justification of these criminal plans, the misanthropic theory of racism.
The fact that Rosenberg utilized for his purposes the refuse of science and borrowed some of his theories from Karl Luger and Paul Lagarde, Count Gobino and Liapouch, Oswald Spengler and Arthur Meller, cannot influence the solution of the question on Rosenberg's responsibility and guilt.
The important fact is that Rosenberg, having assembled all these execrements of science, raised the racial theories to a degree of racial fanaticism, and educated in this spirit the members of the nazi party and the German youth.
And when the representatives of the "master race" elaborated and committed acts of aggression, when the German oppressors enslaved and exterminated nations and peoples, when the factories of death were created at Majdanek and Auschwitz, Rosenberg's share in all these crimes was great.
All this was the outcome of the fascist racial ideology, the essence of which consists in the idea that the "aryan", "north-germanic" race is a "master race", and that all other races and nations belong to "lower strata".Rosenberg's counsel said:
"the Tribunal must judge crimes and not theories". In Rosenberg's case such an argument is clearly unconvincing.
For Rosenberg, not only confessed the fascist racial theory, but he knowingly propagated it and instilled it into the conscience of the German people, this theory which became a direct menace to the existence of the democratic European states.
The person who carries microbes must be isolated, but the person who willingly disseminates microbes, must be tried.
Rosenberg's criminal activity was not limited to the ideological preparation for aggression and to the propagation of misanthropic theories.
His activity had many facets.
The criminal activity of the foreign-policy department of the NSDAP has already been sufficiently clarified at this process, this department which for many years was subordinated to the defendant Rosenberg, was in charge of the half-legal nazi agencies abroad.
The participation of this organization in the foreign policy measures undertaken by the Hitlerite Germany and in the initiation of aggressive wars, is very great.
Doc. One of the documents submitted by Neurath's Counsel and accepted by the Counsel Neurath Tribunal, reads as fellows: v.I,p 67 "..... at one time there existed in Berlin three sorts of ministries for foreign affairs; Rosenberg's ministry, Ribbentrop's ministry, and the official ministry on the Wilhelmstrasse."
USSR-117 And finally, Rosenberg's letter to Hitler of 6.2.38 stressed his real influence on the foreign policy of Hitlerite Germany and his "merits" in this field, when he applied for a membership in the Secret Cabinet Council.
I see no necessity to give an analysis of the entire criminal activity of Rosenberg, and I only intend to dwell very shortly on his activity as "Fuehrer's plenipotentiary" and, later, as the Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories.
In these capacities, Rosenberg exercised his talents most actively, as a participant in criminal conspiracy.
Rosenberg declares that he was against war with the USSR and that he learned from Hitler about the preparations for an attack against the USSR, only when all the orders to military channels had already been given, and that he never really had any influence on the foreign policy of the Hitlerite Germany.
I affirm, Your Honors, that all these declarations of Rosenberg are false.
It is a commonly known fact that the plan for a German crusade against Soviet Russia is indeed the starting point of the national-socialists foreign policy, as set out in the 1921 New-Year publication of the newspaper "Voelkischer Beobachter".and that the author of this policy is Alfred Rosenberg.
It was Rosenberg, who inspired by Ludendorf and Rechberg, propagated -together with Hitler - a foreign policy directed towards the creation of an antisemitic, antibolshevik and antibritish continental Europe.
Rosenberg's speeches, setting out plans for the "exchange of the Polish corridor against the Ukraine, his "diplomatic" journeys into certain countries after the s eizure of power by the fascists, his clumsy efforts to realize the foreign policy programme of the nazis were disclosed in detail in the press.
The submitted documents give a clear picture of Rosenberg's feverish activity in April 1941 - during the period immediately proceeding the attack of Germany on the USSR - when he was nominated "Fuehrer's PS-865 plenipotentiary for the supreme control of the questions connected USA-143 with the Eastern-European territories". Transcr.
On 7 April 1941, two weeks prior to his nomination, Rosenberg sent to morn. sess. Hitler his proposals for the division of the Soviet Union into 17.4.46 1019-PS Reichskomnissariats and for the nomination of fascist governors for PS-1039 USA-146 the occupied territories. Byelorussia and the Ukraine, Minsk end Kiev, Rostov and Tbilisi, Leningrad and Moscow, were all enumerated in Rosenberg's proposals.
For the post of the Reichskommissar of Moscow, Rosenberg recommended the notorious Erich Koch.
We have heard about Rosenberg's meetings with Brauchitsch and Reader and of his conferences with Funk, General Thomas, state secretary Backs and others, on the questions of economical exploitation of the eastern territories, and about his negotiations with Ribbentrop, the SS Chief of Staff, the Chief of the German intelligence service, Admiral Canari Already six weeks prior to the attack on the USSR, he worked out directives for all the Reichskommissars of the occupied eastern USA-144 territories, in which he provided for a "Rcichskommissariat Russia" and the "Reichskommissariat Caucasus", whilst the Byelorussian republic was to form a prt of the "Reichskommissariat Ostland". PS-1030 Rosenberg's attempts to affirm that he did not share in the aggressive, predatory aims of the war against the USSR, and that, in his capacity of Minister for the occupied Eastern territories, he all but loaded with benefits the population of these territories.
And this he dares to affirm, when the directive to the Reichskommissar of the Baltic countries and Byelorussia, described his aims as follows:
"..... the creation of a German protectorate for the purpose of subsequent inclusion of these regions in the Greater German Reich, by means of the germanization of elements - suitable from the racial point of view, of the colonization by the representatives of the German race and of the extermination of the undesired elements."
And this is said in addition to the following recommendations made in another of Rosenberg's directives on the subject of the civil administration in the occupied Eastern territories:
"Our main task ..... is the furthering of the Reich's interests.
The regulations of the Hague Convention regarding land-warfare EC-347 are not valid, as we can consider that the USSR has been USA-320 destroyed ..... For this reason, all measures which the German administration deem necessary and convenient are admissible."
Rosenberg was too hasty in his assertion that the USSR was destroyed, let the cat out of the bag, and gave away his secret plans.
But this document is also an irrefutable proof, invalidating all the attempts of the defendant to throw off his shoulders the burden of responsibility for the monstrous crime perpetrated by the German fascist aggressors throughout the occupied territories of the USSR, to the shoulders of individual officials and policemen, of Koch and Himmler.
It was Rosenberg, who permitted the repudiation of the Hague Convention and the utilization of all measures which might seem "convenient".When Koch, for his "convenience" exterminated the population of the entire Zuman district, he was acting in the spirit of this directive of Rosenberg.
Rosenberg described here his dissentions with Koch; he alleged that he has followed humanitarian policy and even imported agricultural machinery.
Even if Rosenberg did indeed, from time to time, object to Koch's actions, it was only because he was afraid of premature publicity, because he was afraid that Koch's unparalleled ill-treatment of the Ukrainian people would only strengthen the resistance movement.
Rosenberg was influenced by fear and not by any humanitarian considerations.
Rosenberg's true policy is set out in numerous documents which have now became known to the world's public opinion and which are in the files of the Tribunal.
PS-045 In an "official note for the Fuehrer" dated 16.3.1942, Rosenberg set out the aims of the German policy in the occupied territories of the USSR and, first of all, in the Ukraine.
.... "the utilization of minerals, the creation of a German colony in certain regions, no artificial intellectual development of the population, but its preservation as a source of manpower."
In his report on the reorganization of the Caucasus, Rosenberg wrote that:
USSR-58 The problem of the East consists in the transplanting of the Baltic nations to the soil of German culture and in the preparation for the large-scale expansion of the German frontiers.
The task of the Ukraine is to secure the necessary food supplies for Germany and Europe, and the raw materials for the continent.
The problem of the Caucasus is primarily a political problem and it will USSR-58 lead to the expansion of continental Europe, headed by Germany, from the Caucasus isthmus to the near East."
And finally I would like to point out that it was Rosenberg who made the following statement, at a conference of the German Labor Front, on the policy of the occupied USSR territories:
USSR-170 "It is obvious, that if we are to subjugate these peoples, arbitrary justice and tyranny will be the most suitable form of government."
The defense affirms that Rosenberg and his "Einsatzstab" were not concerned with the plunder of cultural treasures, but with their preservation.
This statement is also quite false. Numerous documents read into the record at this trial, have proved that as early as April 1941, i.e. more than two months prior to the attack on the USSR, Rosenberg was organizing special units and staffs and was elaborating plans for the removal of the cultural treasures of the Soviet Union.
USSR-375 On 16 October 1941 Rosenberg wrote to Hitler as follows: US-076 "I have now given an order to a similar operative staff of my organization to carry out in the occupied Eastern territories the work already accomplished in the West.
..... Having before cur eyes the whole picture, we can satisfy all the just wishes and demands of the Greater German Reich.
On this basis I would also be willing to take upon myself to guarantee that all the treasures of art from the Lintz and other museums which can be utilized for your personal plans, are really used for this purpose.
327-PS On 17 October 1944, Rosenberg wrote to Lammers that for the transport USA-338 of goods "listed" by his organization, it was necessary to use 1,418,000 railroad cars, whilst 427,000 further tons were transported by water.
In this same letter, Rosenberg mentioned that amongst the confiscated goods removed to Germany there was 9,000 cars with agricultural and other machinery.
And after this, he dares to speak about some machines which he has allegedly imported into the Ukraine!And finally, I shall speak about the ridiculous theory of the so called Rosenberg's "noble antisemitism". It is absurd to argue with Rosenberg's counsel, who affirms that there exists such a thing as as "noble antisemitism", and all the more absurd it is to argue with Rosenberg.
In statement to the Tribunal, I threw light upon the fascist propaganda contained in the defense speeches.
Now, I would like to recall to the Tribunal the text of two of Rosenberg's documents:
In his directive of 29 April 1941, he wrote: USA-278 "The general solution of the Jewish problem must at the present moment PS-1024 be carried out by methods of a temporary character.
Slave labor for Jews, the creation of Ghettos, etc.
, must be the solution of this problem."
Even more cynical and frank is the statement made by Rosenberg in November 1942, when he, in his capacity of Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories, addressed a conference of the German labor front:
USSR-170 "We must not be satisfied - said Rosenberg - with the deportation of Jews to another country and with the creation here or there of a large Jewish ghetto; no, our object must always remain the same.
The Jewish problem in Europe and in Germany will be solved only when there are no more Jews left on the European continent."
USA-289 And the operations "Kotbus", the extermination of Jews in the Baltic P-135 towns, in the Ukraine and Byelorussia - all these were carried out in conformity with Rosenberg's theories and with his agreement.
In 1937 Rosenberg received the German national prize. Commenting on this event, the fascist press wrote as follows:
USA-600 "Alfred Rosenberg has brilliantly succeeded with his books in PS-3559 building up the scientific and the spiritual foundations of, and in consolidating and strengthening the philosophy of the national-socialism.
Only future generations will be able to appreciate fully the profound influence of this man on the philosophical foundations of the national-socialist state."
But the future - became the present. And I am sure that the Tribunal will be able to appreciate duly not only the influence exercised by Rosenberg on the "philosophical foundations of the national-socialist state", but also his active participation in all the crimes against peace and humanity perpetrated by the Hitlerites.
A lawyer by training the defendant Hans Frank was 29 July A LJG 20-1 one of those who liked to speak about reviewing the "ancient German" law for Germans about "Principles of Justice", for the "select" about the "right of the chosen people" to annihilate nations and countries.
In 1939, he was the very man, who had been corrupting the German legal conception for a long time, to whom Hitler entrusted the fate of subjugated Poland.
Frank arrived in Poland to realize practically the programme of enslavement and extermination of the people on the territory of a country possessing a history which had lasted for ages and original high culture.
I should like to remind the Tribunal of some of Frank's views expressed during the first months of his stay in Poland, taken from his so called "diary". It is hardly worth while to discuss with the defense counsel the probative value of this document.
Frank himself declared to the magistrate that " this document was of historical importance" and to the question "whether all his statements contained in the diary were true", he replied:
" they fully correspond to what I know."
On 19th January 1940, Frank declared with cynical frankness at the conference of the department-leaders.
USSR-223 "On 15th September 1939, I was entrusted with the task page 4 2233-PS of governing the conquered eastern territories and received the special order to ruin this territory ruthlessly as a war territory and a war trophy and to turn it into a heap of rubble from a point of view of the social, economic, cultural and political structure."
On 31 October 1939, in the presence of Goebbels at a conference uniting the leading officials of the Govern ment-General, he declared:
"A perfectly accurate differenciation must be made between the German people - the master-race,- and the Poles."
He then remembered the Polish culture which Frank's 29 July A LJG 20-2 defense counsel Dr. Seild said here, took so great care of.
He stated: USSR-223 "The Poles can be allowed only those possibilities Page 3 for educating themselves which would prove the hopelessness of the destiny of their nation.
Alone bad films or films demonstrating the might and greatness of the Germans can be taken into consideration for the purpose."
USSR-335 One of Frank's first instructions was the order to shoot hostages.
Later on similar orders were to be counted by the hundred and the thousand until they finally culminated in the edition of regulation dated 2 October 1943.
USSR-335 On 10 November 1939 Frank was informed that the day USSR-223 of Polish independence was approaching and that posters page 3 were being hung up on certain houses to remind the Poles USSR-223 of their national holiday. The following entry then appeared in Frank's "Diary":"The Governor-General decrees that one inhabitant of the male sex is to be taken from every house on which a poster of this kind is hung up and is to be shot.
The Pole must feel that we do not intend building a lawful state for him."
The short extract we are quoting from the speech Frank made at the conference of the department-chiefs of the Government-General characterizes this Hitlerite "lawyer" far better than lengthy excerpts taken from his parade speeches which we were obliged to listen to here.
...
The criminal activity of Frank in Poland is so very manifold, that there is no possibility, in a short speech, to reconstruct to the Tribunal the innumerable proofs of Frank's guilt which have been submitted in this court-room and which are evidently still fresh in the memory of Your Honors.
But from Frank's criminal activities in Poland we must segregate the predominant trait which is Frank's activity 29 July A LJG 20-3 as the murderer of millions of people.
Of course he looted; he was Goering's Plenipotentiary for the 4-year plan and he looted, so to say, be it merely in this capacity.
He sent over 2 million Poles to Germany for forced labour.
The attempt of the, defense to represent Frank as the "enemy of coercive methods of recruitment" can be based only on the assumption that nobody excepting counsel USSR-223 had studied Frank's diaries.
For Frank never can escape page 6 documents such as the minutes of the meeting of the depart ment leaders dated 12 April 1940, or the notes of Gauleiter Sauckel of the 18 August 1942, or the transcript of the meeting with Buehler, Krueger and others of the 21 April 1941.
But he sent people to forced labour in order to wring them dry in the interests of the Reich before sending them to their doom.
The regime, set up by Hans Frank throughout Poland during all the stages of the temporary German domination in this country, was a regime for the inhuman destruction of millions of people by means of varied, but equally criminal, methods.
It is not merely incidental that the German-fascist assassins who annihilated 11 thousand Polish prisoners of war in Katyn forest should refer to the regime which Frank instituted in Poland as an example of his own activities (as the Tribunal has been able to ascertain not so very long ago in this court-room from the evidence presented by the former deputy to the mayor of Smolensk - professor Basilovski.)
I consider it to be particularly important, at this point to emphasize the conception Frank had of the relations with the Polish population after the war:
" insistently draw your attention, said Frank, "to the fact that, should peace be concluded, nothing would change in our treatment.
This peace will signify that we, as a 29 July A LJG 20-4 world power, will conduct more firmly then hitherto our USSR-223 general line of policy.
This pence would signify that we will have to carry out colonization on an grandiose scale, but the principle will not have changed."
This was stated in 1940, when Frank was contemplating the first mass murder of the Polish intelligentsia, the so-called "AB" action.
In 1944, at the meeting of the agricultural leaders at Zakopane Frank said:
"If we win the war, then in my opinion we could make mincemeat of the Poles and Ukrainians and of all these who are idling around the Government-General.
If only we keep USSR-223 then in subordination during war-time -- come what may". page 21 It was not Frank's fault, that as early as in 1944, dreaming to make "minced meat" of the Poles and Ukrainians he was compelled to add:
"If we win the war". At this time he could not he as emphatic in his utterings as on 2nd August 1943, whom at the reception of the Party speakers in the Royal Palace in Cracow he spoke about the exterminated Polish Jews:
USSR-223 "Here we started out with 3,500,000 Jews; now but a page 21 few workers remain from this number. All the others, we shall some day say, emigrated."
Frank himself as well as his counsel tried to affirm that the defen-
dant had known nothing abort what was going on at the concentration camps of the General Government.
However, in this very Secret report addressed to Hitler by Frank, which the defense counsel tried to utilize on behalf of Frank to may find a confirmation of the fact that Frank was well informed abut what was happening in the camps It is said there:
"Most of the Polish intellectuals are not susceptible to the influence of the news from Katyn and in answer quote similar atrociti in Auschwitz."
Then Frank, cites a highly characteristic passage describing the reaction of the polish workers to the provoking communications of the Germans about Katyn:
"There are concentration camps in Auschwitz and Maidanek, where mass murder of the Poles was carried out along chain-production lines."
And further:
"Today, unfortunately, the Polish public opinion and not only the intellectuals, compare Katyn to the mass death rate in the German concentration camps, as well as to the shooting of men, woemn, and even of children, and old people when carrying out collective punish ment in the districts," After the "secret report" addressed to Hitler there was no other "new course" on Frank's part.
On the contrary Frank published his regulation of 2nd October 1943, which the defendant himself termed as "dreadful", when questioned by his counsel.
After his regulation had been carried into effect many thousands of innocent people became his victims.
The number of executions increased steadily till it amounted to 200 persons executed at a time in Warsaw.
The same thin happened in the streets of all the Polish towns, where the so-called "police courts" carried out executions, as it is said USSR-335 in the text of the regulation itself, immediately following the verdic The people doomed to die were brought to the place of execution wearing paper clothing, with their lips glued together with sticking **aster, their mouth stuffed with plaster, bled white in prison.
At the state conference held in Cracow on 16th December 1943, where Frank stated with great satisfaction that the executionshad "favou rable consequences", another question was simultaneously discussed.
In the records of this conference it is said : USSR-223 "We must discuss the question whether, it is possible to arrange Pag. 20 special places of execution, as it has been established that the Polish population gathers at accessible places of execution to collect the earth saturated with blood into vessels which they place in Churches."
The defense counsel tried to speak here about interminable disen sions of Frank with the police; he had allegedly disagreed with their action.
Let us see what kind of dissensions these were.
The first "sonder-action" carried out in Poland, namely : te AB operation -a physical extermination of several thousands Polish intellectuals-had not been initiated by the police, but had been initiated by Frank himself.
According to the Decree of Hitler of 2nd May 1942, the director of the police was subordinated to the Governor General.
When some, dissensions between Frank and the chief of the police did arise, it was Krueger who had to leave his post of police chief, whereas Frank remained Governor General of Poland.
As for the Obergruppenfuehrer Koppe, who took the place of Krueger, who else was it but Frank who expresse his thanks to him on 16th December 1943, for shooting the hostages, his gratitude for his fruitful work' and noted with satisfaction "great specialist is at the head of the police at the Government General". It is incomprehensible about what dissensions concerning the policy was counsel Seidl talking about.
His counsel even tried to represent Frank as "a Singularly peaceful anti-semite", who entertaining a negative attitude towards the Jewish people never initiated massacres of the Jew or even instiga ted same.
It is incomprehensible in this case how the following words of Frank would be interpreted by the counsel:
"The Jews are a race that should be exterminated. Where ever we USSR-223 catch even one he shall he done away with."
pag. 22 Or his declaration at the government sitting of 12th August 1942, when he said :"That 1,2 million Jews have been condemned by us to starvation is quite comprehensible.
It stands to reason that if these Jews do not die of starvation, this will lead to precipitated active measures directed against the Jews."
Thecriminal activity of the henchman of the Polish nation led to the extermination of millionsof people.
USSR-223 "You see how the state organs are working; you see that they page 16 don't hesitate before anything and stand up people by the dozen against the wall". - This is the manner in which Frank himself at a conference of the Standartenfuhrers held the 18 March 1942, characterized the bloody regime of terror set up throughout Poland.
USSR-223 "I did not hesitate to declare that for one German killed up page 21. to a hundred Poles would be shot" - these words were pronounc ced by Frank on the 15 January 1944 at a meeting of the poli tical leaders of the NSDAP.
USSR-223 "Had I gone to the Fuhrer and told him:'My Fuhrer, I am repopage 22 rting to you that I have exterminated another 150,000 Poles', he would have said:
'Perfect, if it was indispensable'" stated on the 18 March 1944 whilst making a speech at the Reichshof, that very same Frank who now tries to convince the Tribunal that he had some "diferences of opinion on matters of principle" with Hitler and Himmler.
The declarations that Frank made during the first months of his stay in Poland were a veritable program of murders which were perpetrated by the defendant methodically, ruthlessly and according to plan.
Frank, of course, was fully aware of the fact that should war not bring victory with it, he would have to carry the full responsibility for the crimes committed in Poland as well as for his participation in the fascist conspiracy.
As early as 1943 Frank spoke about this at a meeting with his accomplices.
We must give credit where it is due: as a lawyer he was much more correct in his depiction and for mulation of the concepts of a criminal conspiracy that cer tain lawyers at this trial, who, basing themselves on out moded understandings, endeavour to dispute the foundation for a conspiracy put forward by the Prosecution.
It was at this government meeting held in the presence of the police on the 25 January 1943 that the Governor-General of that time declared to Himmler's hyenas:
USSR-223 "...I would like to emphasize one point: we must not squirm page 18. when we hear of 17,000 people being shot. These shot people are also victims of war.
Let us now remember that all of us, assembled here, figure on the list of criminals of Mr. Roose velt.
I have the honor of being number one. We have become so to say, accomplices on a world-history scale.
It is ex actly for this reason that we have to keep together and must share the same general ideas, and it would be simply funny if we started to wash our dirty linen in public by bickering about methods".This appeal to murder is very far from the "interminable quarrels with the police" which defendant Frank spoke about here.
The defendant made a mistake about one thing: he was incorrect in defining his place in the dock.
But he was not mistaken about the fundamentals:
he took his place in the dock as a "criminal on a world history scale."
The history of the development of the Nazi movement in Ger many and the numerous crimes of the Hitlerites are indissol ubly connected with the name of the defendant Wilhelm Frick:
As Minister of the Interior of the Hitlerite government, Frick participated in the issuing of mumerous laws, decrees and other acts directed towards the destruction of democracy in Germany, the persecution of the church, the discrimination against the Jews, etc.
In this capacity, the defendant Frick contributed most act ively to the creation in Germany of the Hitlerite totalita rian state.
During a period of many years, the German secret police, the Gestapo, which was to acquire a gruesome fame, was subordin ated to the defendant Frick.
Official The order concerning the extermination of aged people Transcript and of the insane was issued in 1940 by no other than morning the defendant Frick.
26.4.46 In his capacity of Minister of the Interior of Hitlerp.37-38. ite Germany, the witness Gesavius testified to in this Court, Frick was fully congnisant of the vast system of concentration camps spread throughout the Reich, as well as of the existence in these camps of an Inhuman regime.
The part played by the defendant Frick in the preparation and the realization of the Hitlerite government's aggres sive plans, was considerable.
He was a member of the State Defense Council as well as Plenipotentiary for General Administration.
All the documents, by which the Hitlerite conspirators legalized the incorporation by Germany of the seized territories, were signed, among others, by the defen dant Frick.
In his capacity of Protector of Bohemia and Moravia, the defendant Frick bears personal responsibility for all the crimes committed on that territory by the Hitlerites.
After the feloneous attack of Hitlerite Germany upon the Soviet Union, the defendat Frick's Ministry of the Interior participated most actively in the setting up of the administration in the seized territories of the USSR.
The machinery of the German occupational author ities in the East was manned mainly by officials of the Ministery of the Interior.
There is no need to dwell again upon the part played by this machinery, which was created with the most active cooperation of the defendant Frick, in the extermination, the driving into slavery and the other inhuman actions carried out against the civilian population of the occupied territories.
Frick bears full and direct responsibility for all these crimes inasmuch as he was an active participant of the Nazi conspiracy.
Notwithstanding the fact that during the war years, the defendant Julius Streicher did not formally hold functions directly connected with the perpetration of murders and mass executions, it is hard to overestimate the crimes committed by this man.
Together with Himmler, Kaltenbrunner, Pohl and these who conceived, constructed and switched into action the gas chambers and gas wagons; together with these who personally committed mass actions, Streicher must bear responsibility for the most cruel crimes of German fascism.
The inflaming of national and reacial dissention, the cultivation of depraved cruelty and the calling to murder - all this was not only the Party function of this man, but also the source of his income.
And it is not by accident, that in his greeting to Streicher dated April 1937, which is already known to the Tribunal Himmler expressed his high esteem for the merits of "Der Sturmer" and of its publisher.
One can consider Streicher as the actual spiritual father of those who quartered the children of Tremblinka. Had it not been for the "Sutmer" and its publisher, German fascism would not have been able to educate at such short notice these mass cadres of murderess who personally put into effect the criminal plans of Hitler and his gang, by murdering over 6 million European Jews.
Over a period of many years Streicher spiritually corrupted the children and youth of Germany The so-called, "children's editions" of the "Stuermer" have been submitted to the Tribunal.
And therefore, together with Baldur von Schirach, Streicher must bear responsibility for the selection of Jewish children from the Lvov ghetto, for target practice by the morally depraved "Hitler Jugend". It is not by accident, that von Schirach held in so high an esteem Streicher's "historical merits".
The fanatical "Nunrberg Laws" were only the "beginning of the struggle" for this "Number One Judeophobe" as he called himself, who was also the organizer of the first Jewish pogroms.
As the Tribunal can recall, after these laws were issued, Streicher called for the physical extermination of the Jews in Europe and he wrote:
"This problem will only be solved when world Jewry is exterminated".
I will not dwell against, either, on the shameless and mendacious "ritual numbers" of the Stuermer, which were to incite the SS men towards the killing of millions of guiltless persons and to justify any atrocity directed against the Jews. These proofs of Stretcher's guilt which, among others, were submitted to the Tribunal, are of common knowledge and not subject to any doubt. GB-332 In 1939 he anticipated Maidanek and Treblinka and wrote that PS-801. "perhaps graves alone" will testify to the previous existence of Jews in Europe.
In 1943, when the gas chambers of Treblinka and Auschwitz were already englufing millions of victims, the "Stuermer" published articles inciting to the liquidation of the ghetto, articles which were full of lies and maliciousness and finally the " "Stuermer" could state with sadistical satisfaction that:
"The Jews of Europe have disappeared".
Streicher lied all his life. He attempted to lie, here in Court.
I do not know whether he believed he would be able to deceive anybody by these lies, or whether he lied from habit or out offear.
But it seems to me that it must be apparent, even to the defendant himself, that his last lie will not deceive any body and will not bring about his salvation.